this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
willow (any tree of genus Salix); weeping willow (Salix babylonica)
dry riverbed; river beach
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
measure; step; countermeasure; counterplan; countermove; strategy
government office; agency; board
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
composition; formation; organization; organisation; compilation
force; unit; corps; squad; troops; party
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
invasion; incursion; raid; aggression; intrusion; trespass
on the occasion of; circumstances; juncture
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
institution; establishment; facility; home (for elderly, orphans, etc.)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
(camera) shutter; shutter (for a door, window, etc.)
electric shock; blitz; lightning attack; sudden and without warning; shocking
influence; effect; to influence; to affect; to have an influence on
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
whole area; whole region; stretch (of land); tract; belt
matter; affair; issue; matter; material; substance
paralysis; palsy; numbness; stupor
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
(confronting a problem, etc.) head-on; directly; outright; (lit.) from the front
to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
a long time (since the last time); first in a long time
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
he; she; that person; (arch.) you
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
outside world; physical world
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
isolation; segregation; separation; quarantine
closing; closure; shutdown; lockout