ruby; ruby character; small hiragana or katakana readings of kanji usually above or to the side of the kanji (esp. used by printers and in ref. to printed material); Ruby (programming language)
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
red; crimson; Red; communist; (arch.) beautiful
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
magical powers; supernatural powers; spell; charm
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
men's (fashion, wear, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
(cute) suffix for familiar person; cute adjective form
exclamation of surprised disappointment, disgust, or worry (yuck, ick, ack, eeew, crap!, blech, gross)
force; vigor; influence; authority; impetus; momentum
to stop (moving); to come to a stop; to stop (doing, working, being supplied); to come to a halt; to alight; to perch on
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
castle (in place names); castle; fortress
senior high school (esp. the senior high school section of a school that also encompasses other grades)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
all; completely; totally; entirely; thoroughly
under control (e.g. of territory)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
middle school (esp. the middle school section of a school that also encompasses other grades); junior high school
matter of time; question of time
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
some time ago; recently; lately; last (Sunday, etc.); previous
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
Japanese cherry birch (Betula grossa); yellow catalpa (Catalpa ovata); Japanese mallotus (Mallotus japonicus); printing block; catalpa bow; catalpa medium
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
such; this sort of; like this
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
to raise; to rear; to train; to teach; to promote the growth of; to nurture
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour