yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
flight; desertion; escape
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
what would (you) do?; what to do about it
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
control (by the state); controlling; coordination; air traffic control
room; wife (of someone of high rank); scabbard; Chinese "Encampment" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
orders; instructions; directive; command
book; document; calligraphy (esp. Chinese); penmanship; handwriting; letter
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
place; spot; field; discipline; occasion; situation; scene (of a play, movie, etc.)
standing by; awaiting an opportunity; being on alert
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
because of; owing to; due to
third month of the lunar calendar; (arch.) thick growth (of grass, etc.); Yayoi period (ca. 300 BCE-300 CE); Yayoi culture
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question