human being; human; person; character (of a person)
first-person plural (or singular); second or third person plural (implies speaker is of higher status than those referred to)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
without change; as is; just like; extremely similar; immediately; just after
confidence; trust; faith; credit
reason; cause; meaning; sense; (good) sense; reason
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
(common) soldier; rank and file; army; troops; warfare; strategy
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
just to make sure; just to be sure; for confirmation; just in case; for caution's sake; by way of precaution
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
municipal office; council; city hall
investigation; examination; inquiry; enquiry; survey
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
then; well; so; well then
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to leave (a matter, decision, etc. to someone); to entrust (to someone); to leave (to chance, one's imagination, etc.); to let (take its own course); to use (money, strength, spare time, etc.) to the full; to use freely
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
Excellent (grade); A; superiority; excellence; gentle; graceful
suffix for familiar person
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to differ (from); to be different; to be wrong; to be incorrect; to become abnormal; to go wrong
use; utilization; utilisation; application
alright; all right; right on; looking good; OK; okay
to follow; to come along (with); to accompany; to come with (something); to follow as a result (of); to be incidental (to)
to face; to go towards; to head towards
now; the present time; just now; another; more
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
what's the matter?; what's wrong?
to get cloudy; to cloud over; to cloud up; to fog up; to be gloomy; to be clouded (expression)
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...