now; soon; already; yet; further; more
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to accompany; to follow; to keep up with
small child; pipsqueak; short person; midget; small animal; runt
suffix for familiar person
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to respond; to answer; to meet (e.g. demands, expectations); to affect; to take a toll; to strike home
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
effort; exertion; endeavour; endeavor; hard work; striving
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
understanding; comprehension; appreciation; sympathy
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
retrogression; reversal; relapse; doubling back; backtracking
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
particle indicating that the speaker is trying to recall some information
physical condition; state of health
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
particularly; especially; in particular; expressly
won't; hasn't; isn't; won't you
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
now that you mention it; come to think of it; that reminds me; on that subject; speaking of which
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
Miyagi prefecture (Tōhoku area)
genius; prodigy; natural gift
setter (dog type); setter (volleyball position)
eggs; egg; (hen's) egg; (an expert) in the making; beginning; origin
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to be in the news; to be talked about; to become a popular topic of conversation; to become the talk of the town; to become topical
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...