fresh made; freshly baked; freshly roasted
nine; team; players on a team; no
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
war; battle; match; game; competition
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
fighting (against); taking on (an opponent); facing; confronting; competing (with); battle
earth; ground; place; territory; bottom (of a package, book, etc.); earth (one of the five elements)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Miyazaki (city, prefecture)
prefecture (Japan); county (China, Taiwan, Norway, etc.); department (France); province (Italy, Spain, etc.)
Spain; Spanish (language)
town; city; municipal; urban
local specialty; special product (of a region)
full ripeness; full maturity
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
opponent; adversary; the competition; the other side; one's enemy
commercial (radio, TV, etc.); ad; construction management; contract manufacturer; customer management; court martial
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
victory or defeat; match; contest; game
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
only; merely; but; no more than
counter for articles; counter for military units; individual
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
yen (Japanese monetary unit); circle
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
wow!; oh!; yeah!; alright!; waah!; boohoo!
precisely; exactly; plumb; damn; stupid; cursed
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
reaction; response; reaction
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
cornerstone; main point; requirement; need; necessary; required
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
tsubo; traditional unit of land area, approx. 3.31 square meters; tsubo; traditional unit of fabric or paper area, approx. 9.18 square centimeters; tsubo; traditional unit of leather or tile area, approx. 918 square centimeters
mound; heap; hillock; burial mound; tomb; tumulus
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)