indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
demon; devil; evil spirit; -crazed person; -obsessed person; fiend
samurai on horseback; (medieval) knight
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
counter for jewels in a watch; counter for transistors, diodes, etc. in an electronic product
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
order of chivalry; chivalric order
G; g; (acceleration due to) gravity; giga-; gravitational constant; gauss; general audience (film certificate)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
adds force or indicates command
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
match; game; bout; contest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
father; dad; papa; pa; pop; daddy
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest