indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
troops; group members; team members
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
madder (esp. Japanese madder, Rubia argyi); madder (red color)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
spare time; free time; leisure
party; group; crew; company (of troops); corps; unit
escape; break-out; prolapse; proptosis
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
war; battle; match; game; competition
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
adds force or indicates command
bear (any mammal of family Ursidae)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
suffix for familiar person
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal