indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
(common) soldier; rank and file; army; troops; warfare; strategy
party; group; crew; company (of troops); corps; unit
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
border (pattern); stripes; border; boundary; border; edge
hazard area (flood, tsunami, etc.); danger zone; no man's land
adds force or indicates command
new type; new style; new model; new strain (e.g. infectious disease)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
near; close; close (in time); soon; close (relationship); friendly
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
gate; branch of learning based on the teachings of a single master; division; phylum; counter for cannons
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
taking refuge; finding shelter; evacuation; escape; seeking safe haven
community; circles; kingdom; erathem; field (electrical); border
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
force; unit; corps; squad; troops; party
troops; group members; team members
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
please (give me); please (do for me)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
war potential; military strength; fighting power; ability (to compete); capabilities; valuable asset
headquarters; head office; main office
citizen; resident; person; user (of a website, esp. as a collective, e.g. Twittersphere)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you