indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
now; the present time; just now; another; more
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
soccer; (association) football; seersucker
mass meeting; convention; tournament; competition; grand event
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
participation in a war; going to war; taking part in a competition or contest
beginning; outset; first; onset
opponent; adversary; the competition; the other side; one's enemy
planet; dark horse; surprise contender
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to aim at (for, to do, to become); to try for; to have an eye on; to go toward; to head for
battle; war; fight (against time, poverty, etc.); struggle (for freedom, survival, etc.); contest; competition
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
child prodigy; infant genius; wonder child
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
very; extremely; terrible; horrid; remarkable; extraordinary
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
at last; finally; barely; narrowly; just
confluence (of rivers); flowing together; joining; joining (of people, groups, parties, etc.); union; linking up
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
town; block; street; road; chō (unit of length, approx. 109.09 m); chō (unit of land area, approx. 0.99 hectares)
to find; to discover; to come across; to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
part; portion; amount; worth (as in "two days' worth"); one's means; one's place; one's duty
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to buy; to purchase; to value (highly); to think highly of; to incur (someone's anger, displeasure, etc.); to elicit (e.g. sneers)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
mallow (any plant of family Malvaceae); Asarum caulescens (species of wild ginger)
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
abruptly; suddenly; all of a sudden; without warning