be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
president (of a society); chairman
state of affairs (around you); situation; circumstances
explanation; exposition; description; account; caption; legend
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
now (when it is already much too late); at this stage; afresh; anew; again
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
preliminary inspection; having a look in advance; preparatory read-through (e.g. of lesson notes); siding (on a house); clapboard
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
introduction; bringing in; leading in; installation
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
headmaster; principal; dean; provost; rector
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
even so; all the same; nevertheless; yes, but ...
to use tact; to exercise discretion; to be tactful; to be thoughtful; to have the sense (to do); to take a hint
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
circumstances; condition; to arrange; to manage; to lend money; to raise money
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
to this extent; to this degree; this much
confidence; trust; faith; credit (finance)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
chest; breast; breasts; bosom; heart; lungs; stomach