and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to be baked (food); to be printed (photos); to be fired (pottery)
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
part; portion; amount; worth (as in "two days' worth"); one's means; one's place; one's duty
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
(not) at all; (not) in the slightest; wholly; entirely; extremely; very
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to wither (of flowers, dreams, etc.); to wilt; to droop; to shrivel; to fade (away); to sag
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
buffet; self-service meal
form (as opposed to substance); formality; method; system; format; mode
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
cooking; cookery; cuisine; dealing with something; handling; administration
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
it does not mean that ...; I don't mean that ...; it is not the case that
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
suitable or moderate temperature
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
guest; visitor; customer; client; shopper
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
the way there; outbound leg; bound for ...; outbound ticket
something broad and flat; common; ordinary; low-ranking employee; freshman
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
really; truly; indeed; good grief
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
guest; visitor; customer; client; counter for containers used to entertain guests
depending on; as soon as; immediately after; as (e.g. "as one is told", "as one wishes"); whatever (e.g. "whatever is at hand"); order; program
to the end; to the bitter end; to the last; after all; it must be remembered; only
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to be handed down; to be introduced; to be transmitted; to be circulated; to go along; to walk along