junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
date (with someone); (social) outing (for two); date night; date (day)
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
smartly dressed; stylish; someone smartly dressed; to dress up; to be fashionable
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
boy; son; baby boy; young man
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to be about to leave; to be just going out
that much; as much; to that extent; only that; that alone; no more than that
A district in Shibuya, Tokyo famous for being the center of Japanese youth culture and fashion
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
precious; valuable; priceless; noble; exalted; sacred
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
while; during; while; although; all; both
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
(not) at all; (not) in the slightest; wholly; entirely; extremely; very
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
playing at (something); game of make-believe; something done together
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
imitation; copy; make-believe; doing something in a way that only superficially resembles the real thing
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
name; given name; first name
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to recall; to remember; to recollect
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me