year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
advance warning; previous notice; announcement; herald; harbinger; forerunner
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to appear; to come in sight; to become visible; to be expressed (e.g. emotions); to become apparent (e.g. trends, effects)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to name; to call; to christen; to term
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to anyone; to everyone; by anyone; by everyone; in everyone; in anyone
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
attack; assault; raid; criticism; censure; denunciation
by means of; due to; because of; according to
people; men and women; each person; everybody
to be born and raised (in); to be born and brought up; to be born and bred
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
opposite; opposition; versus; vs.; to (e.g. "winning a game five to three"); equal footing
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
development; exploitation
do-or-die resistance; resistance to the bitter end
to launch oneself upon; to make one's debut
opposition; rivalry; competition; antagonism
magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell
strength; power; proficiency; ability
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort