always; all the time; never; usual; regular
confections; sweets; candy; cake
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
please (give me); please (do for me)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
land east of China; Japan
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
sorry; excuse me; thank you
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
bare minimum; minimum necessary (amount, number, etc.)
with the exception of; excepting; excluding
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
party; group; crew; company (of troops); corps; unit
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
in that way; thus; so; so?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
suffix for familiar person
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
lieutenant colonel; commander (navy)