Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
maid; helper; help; assistance
please (give me); please (do for me)
although I say; although one might say; although called
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
completion; finish; workmanship; result; outcome
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be disappointed; to be dejected; to be downhearted; to feel exhausted; to feel drained
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
natural; understandable; reasonable; no wonder
warm; mild; warm (of a colour); mellow; having enough money
miso; fermented condiment usu. made from soybeans; innards (from crabs, shrimps, etc.) resembling miso; key (main) point; good part (of something); weakling
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
and; or; and the like; and so forth; and what not
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to burn; to roast; to broil; to heat; to heat up; to make (charcoal, pottery, bricks, etc.); to bake
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
preparation; arrangements
honorific/polite/humble prefix
busy; occupied; hectic; restless; hurried; fidgety
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to eat; to live; to make a living; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you