here I am; I'm home!; presently; right away; right now
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
being on duty; person on duty
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
adds force or indicates command
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to press against; to push against; to force against; to foist on (task, responsibility); to impose (one's will)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
grandfather (may be used after name as honorific); male senior-citizen (may be used after name as honorific)
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
dear (old); fondly-remembered; beloved; missed; nostalgic
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to stream; to flow (liquid, time, etc.); to be washed away; to be carried; to drift; to float (e.g. clouds); to sweep (e.g. rumour, fire)
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
dainty; delicate (e.g. fingers); fine; sensitive; delicate (feelings, sense, etc.); subtle
work; workmanship; craftsmanship; artifice; trick; device
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
skillful; skilful; delicious; appetizing; fortunate; splendid
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till