ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
perfect; complete; flawless
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
long ago; already; a long time ago
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
so; therefore; accordingly; consequently; on those grounds; that is why
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
director; executive; officer; official; person in charge
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
humour; humor; safety; health; in a good mood; in high spirits
that's good; that's nice; like (on social media); is that clear?; OK?
president (of a society); chairman
married couple; husband and wife; man and wife; his and hers; pair of objects, one larger (for man), one smaller (for woman)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
which way; which direction; which one (esp. of two alternatives); who
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
at last; finally; barely; narrowly; just
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
to help; to assist; to aid; to contribute to; to be a factor in
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
wish; desire; hope; prospect; expectation; (one's) hopes