indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
Mount Fuji; Mt. Fuji; Fujiyama; Fuji-san
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
suffix for familiar person
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
saucepan; pot; stew; hot pot
pink (any flower of genus Dianthus, esp. the fringed pink, Dianthus superbus); (arch.) lovable, caressable girl
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
to eat; to live; to make a living; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
to stick; to paste; to stretch; to spread; to form (e.g. ice on a pond); to fill; to swell
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
in that way; thus; so; so?
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on