to repeat; to do over again
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
government; administration; ministry
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
interview; audience; meeting; (viewing) party
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
settlement; solution; resolution
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
sign; indication; omen; symptom
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
case; occasion; situation; circumstances
situation; (present) state of affairs; circumstances
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
serious; severe; grave; acute
position in a game; state of the game; situation; stage; phase
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
announcement; publication; presenting; statement; communique; making known
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
towards; against; regarding; in contrast with
China; Chūgoku region (western part of Honshu comprising the prefectures of Okayama, Hiroshima, Yamaguchi, Tottori and Shimane); central part of a country; main region; province of the second lowest rank (ritsuryō system)
democracy; popular sovereignty; Democratic Party of Japan (1998-2016)
union; combination; association; RENGO (Japanese Trade Union Confederation)
secretary-general; director
unidentifiable; unidentified
by means of; due to; because of; according to
act of terror; terrorist attack
relation; connection; relevance
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
time; hour; period; class
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
failure; mistake; blunder
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible