here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
garden (esp. man-made); orchard; park; place; location
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
life; existence; (one's) working life; career; life force; lifeblood
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
meeting; rendezvous; encounter; confluence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
two persons; two people; pair; couple
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to smoke; to breathe in; to suck; to sip; to absorb; to soak up
now; the present time; just now; another; more
remodelling; remodeling; reorganization; reorganisation
medium; average; moderation; middle school; China; volume two (of three); during (a certain time when one did or is doing something)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
opening a new shop; opening a shop (for the day)
water's edge; beach; shore
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
guest; visitor; customer; client; shopper
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
in that way; thus; so; so?
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo