indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
relation; relationship; participation; involvement; influence; effect
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
whereabouts; place; location; place where one belongs; where one fits in; place where one can be oneself
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
all members; all hands; everyone; everybody; whole crew
to be complete; to be all present; to be equal; to be uniform; to gather; to assemble
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
revival (e.g. musical); come-back; restoration; rebirth; resurrection
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
beyond this point; from now on; after this
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
water's edge; beach; shore
what's the matter?; what's wrong?; what happened (to) ...?; what have you done (with) ...?; where is ...?
let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
the end; closing; being done for; that's it; that's enough; that's all
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
madder (esp. Japanese madder, Rubia argyi); madder (red color)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result