very; extremely; terrible; horrid; remarkable; extraordinary
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
after a long time; for the first time in a while
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
once; one time; temporarily; for a moment; one degree; one tone
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
severe; strict; hard (to do); difficult; intense (e.g. cold); harsh (weather)
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
father; dad; papa; pa; pop; daddy
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
in that way; thus; so; so?
how; in what way; how about
is it?; isn't it?; be; is
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
to not give in; to be obstinate; to be stubborn; to be perverse
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up