well then ...; in that situation; in which case
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to be careful; to pay attention; to take care
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
tachibana orange (Citrus tachibana)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
of course; certainly; naturally
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to greet; to call out (to); to invite; to get in touch (with); to cheer (on); to give vocal support (to)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout
zealous; enthusiastic; ardent; fervent; keen; eager
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
(the) positive; yang (in Chinese divination); the open; visible place
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
although I say; although one might say; although called
due form; official; formality
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
he; she; this; this one; Hey, you!; You bastard!
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
it is not (like that) either