well then ...; in that situation; in which case
now; the present time; just now; another; more
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
approval; agreement; support; favour; favor
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to raise one's hand; to surrender; to raise one's hand to someone (as a threat to strike); to become better (at something); to improve; to throw one's hat in the ring
please (give me); please (do for me)
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
school festival; cultural festival; annual open day school event showcasing student talent
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
being in charge (of an area of responsibility); being responsible (for a work role, etc.)
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
wow!; oh!; yeah!; alright!; waah!; boohoo!
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
expectation; anticipation; hope; promising; rising; up-and-coming
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
serious; not joking; straight
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
every year; yearly; annually
life; living; I; me; student
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
pupil in ... year; student in ... year
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to entrust; to leave to a person
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
what's the matter?; what's wrong?; what happened (to) ...?; what have you done (with) ...?; where is ...?
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!