how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
by no means; never!; certainly (not); surely (not); something unexpected; emergency
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
in the first place; to begin with; after all; anyway; beginning; start
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
neck; head; dismissal (from a job); firing
excluding; except (for); apart from; outside (a boundary, scope, etc.)
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
hot (e.g. from the oven); steaming (from the pot); fresh; fresh (e.g. out of university); new (e.g. married couple)
dead body; corpse; cadaver; carcass
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that ...
enjoyment; pleasure; amusement; anticipation; looking forward to; something to look forward to
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
police; police officer; police station; self-appointed enforcer (of a rule, standard, etc.); busybody
to catch the eye; to attract attention
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
life and death; life or death; samsara (cycle of death and rebirth); death
to ask; to inquire; to blame (someone) for; to accuse of; to care about; to regard as important
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
depending on the situation; should time and circumstances permit
without change; as is; just like; extremely similar; immediately; just after
processing; dealing with; treatment; disposition; disposal
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back