to cover; to hide; to conceal; to wrap; to disguise
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
crumbling; collapse; ruin; has-been; wannabe
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to collapse; to crumble; to get out of shape; to lose one's shape; to break down; to be thrown into disarray; to crash (stock market)
to come off; to be removed; to disappear (of pain, a fever, etc.); to be caught; to be harvested; to be interpreted (as); to be taken (as)
great achievement; glorious deed; (gaining) fame; (earning) distinction
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
resentment; grudge; pent-up anger; frustration; bitterness
to dispel; to clear away; to accomplish a goal; (arch.) to make it sunny; (arch.) to make clouds disappear
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
to shoot (arrow, bolt, dart)
line; stripe; line (e.g. telephone line); wire; ray (e.g. X-ray); beam; line (e.g. of a railroad)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to grow long (e.g. hair, nails); to lengthen; to extend; to reach out; to hold out; to straighten; to smooth out
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
preparation; provision; guarding
to hit; to strike; to strike (noon, etc.); to sound (cymbals, etc.); to beat (rhythmically, e.g. pulse, waves, etc.); to move; to impress
to destroy; to demolish; to disturb; to put into disorder; to relax (one's pose); to make oneself at ease; to break (a bill)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
knowledge; awareness; consent; acceptance; forgiving; pardoning
party; group; crew; company (of troops); corps; unit
ball; sphere; bead (of sweat, dew, etc.); drop; ball (in sports); pile (of noodles, etc.); bullet
to load (a gun, etc.); to charge; to put into (e.g. emotion, effort); to include (e.g. tax in a sales price); to hang over; to shroud
maintenance; preservation; improvement
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
to erase; to delete; to turn off (power); to switch off; to extinguish; to put out
honorific/polite/humble prefix
abundant; plentiful; rich; wealthy; open (mind); relaxed
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
(providing) covering fire; supporting (backing up) someone (in a debate or argument)
to force someone to clamp with their teeth; to force into someone's mouth (e.g. a gag); to wedge into a space; to inflict (a blow); to deal (a hit); to pull (a joke)
to step back; to move back; to withdraw (from the presence of a superior); to leave; to resign; to retire
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly