Mutsu (former province located in present-day Fukushima, Miyagi, Iwate, and Aomori prefectures)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
the Four Heavenly Kings (Dhrtarastra, Virudhaka, Virupaksa, and Vaisravana); the big four (i.e. four leaders in a given field)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
silver (Ag); silver coin; money; silver medal; silver colour; silver color; bank
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
proposal; offer; report; proposition; notice; request
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to accept; to receive; to agree
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
oneself; oneself; for oneself; personally
death; decease; (arch.) death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation); (an) out
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
companions; friends; comrades; mates; partners
unity; union; solidarity; combination; teaming up
to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.); to indicate; to show
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to move; to shift; to inspire; to rouse; to change; to alter; to operate
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that
in this way; thus; such; uh...
Ōu (the two former provinces of Mutsu and Dewa); Tōhoku
allied forces; the Allies (e.g. in WWII)
completion; finish; workmanship; result; outcome
to arrive at (e.g. a decision); to reach (a stage); to lead to (a place); to get to; in the extreme case of; (arch.) to come
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
Jon; John; Gjon; Jonathan
furthermore; again; after all; more and more; moreover; even more
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
to want; to wish for; to request; to demand; to seek; to search for
Kyūshū (southernmost of the four main islands of Japan)
to run about; to rush about
finally; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
continent; continental Asia (esp. mainland China); continental Europe
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")