somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
white; innocence; innocent person; blank space; white go stone; white dragon tile; skewered grilled pig intestine
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to stream; to flow (liquid, time, etc.); to be washed away; to be carried; to drift; to float (e.g. clouds); to sweep (e.g. rumour, fire)
bamboo (any grass of subfamily Bambusoideae); middle (of a three-tier ranking system)
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
last (i.e. immediately preceding); previous; pre- (e.g. premodern); before; before; earlier
though one didn't intend (expect) to
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
ferocious; brutal; atrocious; savage; barbarous
red; crimson; red-containing colour (e.g. brown, pink, orange); Red (i.e. communist); red light (traffic); red ink (i.e. in finance or proof-reading); (in) the red
helmet (of a warrior); headpiece
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to chip (off); to shave (off); to slice (off); to dampen (e.g. enthusiasm); to discourage; to weaken
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
old enemy; longtime enemy; arch-enemy; traditional rival; longstanding foe
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
strength; power; proficiency; the strength of ... people; the strength of ... men
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
by means of; due to; because of; according to
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to glide; to slide (e.g. on skis); to fail (an examination); to bomb (when telling a joke); to drop; to go down
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
in that way; thus; so; so?
to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner