father; dad; husband; you; he
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
(one's) older sister; (one's) elder sister; girl
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
inner part; inside; interior; depths (e.g. of a forest); back (of a house, drawer, etc.); bottom (e.g. of one's heart)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be absent; to take a day off; to rest; to have a break; to go to bed; to (lie down to) sleep
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
to be thirsty; to feel thirsty; to thirst for; to crave
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
by means of; due to; because of; according to
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
oneself; oneself; for oneself; personally
to commit suicide; to end one's life; (lit.) to choose death
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
myself; yourself; I; me; you
blood; blood; ancestry; (the) blood; feelings
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...