indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
bungler; greenhorn; clumsy; poor hand
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
I; me; self-centered man; egotistical man; pompous man
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
movement; transfer; migration; mobile; moving; traveling
Eh?; What?; Come on!; Damn!
to that extent; to that degree; so much; so
far; distant; distant (past); remote (in time); distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone); far (from something else in quality, degree, etc.)
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
unreasonable; unnatural; impossible; forcible; forced; excessive (work, etc.); immoderate
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
material before the opening credits in a film, anime, etc.
time; hour; period; class
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
beep; honk (car horn); buzz (buzzer); boo (wrong answer, like buzzer on quiz shows)
being out of time; passing the deadline; time-out
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
correct; right; correct interpretation (answer, solution)
in this way; thus; such; uh...
to cover; to hide; to conceal; to wrap; to disguise
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
stool (stood on to reach high objects); small stepladder; (fig.) stepping stone
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
ninja; person trained in ninjutsu and employed for covert purposes in feudal Japan
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...