hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish
prince; subordinate Kumano shrine
extra; more; unnecessary; needless; all the more; even more
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it,...; I mean
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
having had enough (of); fed up (with); sick and tired (of); to learn one's lesson; to learn from a bad experience
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
stupid; foolish; idiotic; fool; idiot; blockhead
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
being overheard; being leaked (e.g. secrets); going in one ear and out the other
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
person sought by the police; wanted person; fugitive from justice
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
together; at the same time; same; identical
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
indicate reason; infers some protest
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be caught; to be arrested; to hold on to; to grasp; to find (e.g. proof); to get (e.g. a taxi)
than; from; out of; except; but; more
better; preferable; more; increase; (arch.) increase; (arch.) growth
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state