indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
black; dark; blackish; suspicious; criminal; darkened and dirty; sooty
to swear; to vow; to take an oath; to pledge
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
courage; bravery; valour; valor; nerve; boldness
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
adds force or indicates command
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
master; boss; stable master; craftsman; artisan; (arch.) foster parent
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
siblings; brothers and sisters; brothers; siblings-in-law; brothers-in-law; mate
wolf (Canis lupus); wolf in sheep's clothing; womanizer
body; group; party; company; troupe
chimney sweeping (cleaning)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")