indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
stratagem; artifice; trick; ruse; scheme; tactics
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to put clothes on (someone); to dress; to cover; to coat; to pin (e.g. a crime on someone); to lay (blame)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
police; police officer; police station; self-appointed enforcer (of a rule, standard, etc.); busybody
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
to get stuck with (some job); to end up with (something unpleasant)
as (it is); remaining (in a state); with (e.g. one's eyes closed, the light on); while (e.g. standing, alive); as (one pleases, one is told, etc.); according to
to run away; to flee; to make off; to start to run away
sad; miserable; unhappy; sad; lamentable; deplorable
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
escape; getting away (from); getting out (of); prolapse; proptosis
decision; determination; resolution
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
to board (a train, plane, etc.); to get into (a car); to get on (a bus); to march into; to enter; to arrive (at, in)
coach (horse-drawn); carriage; wagon; cart
unthinkable; unexpected; absolutely not!; far from it!; (it was) no bother at all; not at all
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
reason; cause; meaning; sense; (good) sense; reason
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
they; those guys; those fellows
band of robbers; gang of thieves
luggage; baggage; burden; payload (of a packet, cell, etc.)
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
explosive; blasting powder
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
what?!; what did you say?!; why?; what for?; anyone; anything
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to chase; to run after; to pursue; subsequently; following that; (and) then
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)