indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that ...
meaning; significance; sense
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
private; personal life; (one's) privacy
even so; all the same; nevertheless; yes, but ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to spread (of a rumour, news, etc.); to travel; to be handed down (from generation to generation); to be passed down; to be introduced (to a country, region, etc.); to be brought; to be conveyed (of a feeling, impression, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
the old days; the past; former times; the past ten years; the past decade
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
tsk; tut; shoot; chirp; tweet
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
talking about memories; reminiscences
very; extremely; terrible; horrid; remarkable; extraordinary
human; human-like; as a person
action; conduct; behaviour; behavior; mobilization; mobilisation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
demand; firm request; requisition; requirement; desire
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
there's no (other) way; cannot be helped; unavoidable; it's no use (doing); pointless; hopeless (person)
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
there's no (other) way; cannot be helped; unavoidable; it's no use (doing); pointless; hopeless (person)
to raise; to elevate; to move something (to a higher place); to put onto (e.g. a shelf); to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to raise (a wage); to show someone (into a room)
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
the reverse (side); back (side); other side; hidden side; behind the scenes
next (e.g. "next April"); forthcoming; coming; to come; to arrive; to be due to
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
generally; on the whole; general; rough; outline; main points
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...