if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
treaty; pact; convention; agreement
conclusion; execution (of a contract); entering (into treaty); fastening (as in a joint)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner
honeycomb toffee; sponge toffee; foam candy from heated brown sugar mixed with baking soda
new; neo-; newness; novelty; Gregorian calendar; Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE)
(political) administration; political power
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
(right of) representation; right to represent (e.g. a company)
to recognize; to recognise; to deem; to judge; to approve; to deem acceptable; to admit
member; participant; attendee; lineup (sport)
rock (music); rock; boulder; on the rocks
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
with the exception of; excepting; excluding
it is not (like that) either
public order; public peace; public security; law and order
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
sailing; marching; going out; dispatch
kurin; nine vertically stacked rings on a pagoda finial
clean sweep; purging; doing away with; eradication
to plan; to attempt; to plot; to conspire; to aim for; to strive for
unfortunately; regrettably; sad to say
once; before; formerly; never yet; never before; first time
peers; friends; fellow workers; comrades
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
military conflict; armed conflict
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
disastrous; tragic; miserable; wretched; pitiful; woeful
state of affairs (around you); situation; circumstances
to arrive at (e.g. a decision); to reach (a stage); to lead to (a place); to get to; in the extreme case of; (arch.) to come
indicates two contrasting actions; (arch.) indicates possessive (often found in place names and compound words)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
aah!; ooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively