you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
reservation; appointment; contract; subscription; programming (e.g. a device); setting (e.g. a timer)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable; thank you very much (for help, etc.)
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
order; command; decree; (software) instruction; statement
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
flight (e.g. airline flight); trip (e.g. train trip); mail; post; opportunity; chance
closing; closure; shutdown; lockout
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
declaration of independence
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
interrogative sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
war; fighting; fierce competition
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
cancellation; rescinding; release; calling off; lifting (sanctions); delisting
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
adds force or indicates command
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
kurin; nine vertically stacked rings on a pagoda finial
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
military personnel; soldier