elder brother; big brother; one's senior; one's elder; old ingredients; stale ingredients
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
myself; yourself; I; me; you
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
nothing but; except; no more than
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from ... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that ...; trying to ...
soon; before long; slowly; quietly; already; about time
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to start to move; to get going; to come alive
time; hour; period; class
then; well; so; well then
all; entire; whole; altogether
to end; to come to an end; to finish; to complete; to finish doing; to be past its (one's) prime
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
business; things to do; engagement; errand; affairs
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to finish; to end; to have a result less severe than expected; to feel at ease; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
flying; leaping; zero; naught; flying fish (esp. the Japanese flying fish, Cypselurus agoo); running out of points (zero or fewer)
ball; sphere; bead (of sweat, dew, etc.); drop; ball (in sports); pitch (e.g. in baseball); pile (of noodles, etc.)
repair; mending; fixing; servicing
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
just barely; only just; at the very limit; at the last moment
victory or defeat; match; contest; game
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner
(a) little; somewhat; somehow
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
seriousness; earnestness; truth; sanctity