indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
quite; entirely; completely; as if; as though; just like
lifeline; safety rope; safety tether
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
to clasp; to grasp; to hold (the answer); to have (e.g. the solution); to seize (power); to hold (the reins)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
suffix for familiar person
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to stand; to rise; to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position); to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to show signs of ...; to have the appearance of ...
recent state; present state; present condition; current status; current circumstances
check; plaid; checking; monitoring; check (banking); cheque
seeming; giving the appearance of; giving one the feeling of
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to be reflected; to harmonize with (harmonise); to come out (photo); to be projected; to be displayed (on a screen)
to get tired; to tire; to become worn out (of a well-used object); (arch.) to starve
myself; yourself; I; me; you
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
disagreeable; detestable; unpleasant; reluctant
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
motionlessly (e.g. stand, wait); (be) still; fixedly (e.g. gaze, stare); intently (e.g. listen, think); patiently (endure); stoically
to shut one's eyes; to ignore; to pretend not to know; to die
to put effort into; to strain; to put strength into; to put forth effort
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
bright red; deep red; flushed (of face); downright (e.g. lie); complete; utter
right hand; right-hand side; right-hand direction; (on) the right
left hand; left-hand side; left-hand direction; (on) the left
to replace; to exchange; to interchange; to substitute
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to change way one holds something; to transfer something from one hand to the other
before very long; soon; someday; of the previously mentioned; of that number; among them
both hands; both arms; ten
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
railway station; train station; staging post on a highway (in pre-modern Japan); counter for railway stations and bus stations
still; much more; (not) yet; still a long way to go; still a long way off; not there yet
far; distant; distant (past); remote (in time); distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone); far (from something else in quality, degree, etc.)
cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull