Mikawa (former province located in the east of present-day Aichi Prefecture)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to rescue (someone); to save; to help (out of a difficulty); to save (spiritually); to redeem (from sin); to deliver (from suffering, distress, etc.)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
now; the present time; just now; another; more
river; stream; River; the ... river
movement; move; motion; trend; development; change
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
another place; some other place; another (person or thing); other; beyond (one's expectations, imagination, etc.); outside
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
probably not; probably won't; intend not to; will not; trying not to; attempting not to; whether you ... or not
peace conference; peace negotiations
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
father; father (e.g. of a discipline); pioneer (e.g. of field of research); God; Father
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to fall ill; to suffer from (e.g. a disease); to have something wrong with (e.g. an inner organ); to be depressed; to feel down
splendid; fine; praiseworthy; creditable; legal; legitimate
commander-in-chief of the expeditionary force against the barbarians (beginning in 794 CE); shogun; great, unifying leader
so; therefore; for that reason; if so; if that is the case; in that case
giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis); qilin (Chinese unicorn)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
demonstration; protest; (giving a) demo; demonstration; presentation
(not) at all; (not) in the slightest; wholly; entirely; extremely; very
to differ (from); to be different; to be wrong; to be incorrect; to become abnormal; to go wrong
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
to be mistaken; to be incorrect; to make a mistake (in); to do incorrectly; to mistake (one thing with another); to confuse
oh; oh my; oh dear; well, ...; er ...; why, ...