ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
mother; mom; wife; you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); she
to wake up; to sober up; to come to one's senses; to become enlightened
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
I'm off (and will be back later); see you later; to go (and then come back)
to take a picture; to take a photo
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
neighboring village; neighbouring village
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
photograph; photo; picture; moving picture; movie
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
town; block; street; road; chō (unit of length, approx. 109.09 m); chō (unit of land area, approx. 0.99 hectares)
photo studio; photographer; camera shop; photography supplies shop; photo processing shop; photo finishing shop
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
to go smoothly; to turn out well; to do the trick; to have peaceful relations
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
you could say that; that might be so
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
of course; certainly; naturally
honorific/polite/humble prefix
medicine; pharmaceuticals; efficacious chemical (gunpowder, pesticide, etc.); (pottery) glaze; (illegal) drug; narcotic
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
to drink; to swallow; to smoke (tobacco); to swallow up; to engulf; to suppress (one's anger, bitter feelings, etc.); to keep down
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
hot; warm; passionate; impassioned; on everybody's mind; on the radar
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively; extreme
to work too hard; to try too hard; to strain oneself; to overdo it; to go too far