today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
cheap; inexpensive; calm; peaceful; quiet
(I) will; (I) shall; let's; (I) wonder (if); might it be (that); hey
How did you like ...?; How about ...?; What's going on?; How's it going?
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
supply; supplying; replenishment
goods; materials; commodities; resources; supplies
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
transport; transportation
obligation; duty; charge; responsibility
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
myself; yourself; I; me; you
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to face; to go towards; to head towards
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to govern; to manage; to subdue
port city; harbor city; harbour city
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
fresh and youthful; lively; vibrant; vivacious; juicy (e.g. fruit)
to be moist; to be damp; to profit by; to receive benefits; to become rich; to become at ease financially
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
how (beautiful, etc.); what a ...; nothing worth mentioning; nothing special; of what name
hot; warm; passionate; impassioned; on everybody's mind; on the radar
quite; entirely; completely; as if; as though; just like
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof