indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
that sort of; that kind of; like that; such; so
important; significant; precious; valuable; careful
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
girl; daughter; baby girl; young woman
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
consciousness; becoming aware (of); awareness; mano-vijnana (mental consciousness, cognizer of sensory information)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be tied together; to be connected to; to lead to; to be related to; to be related (by blood)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
at that time; at that moment; then; on that occasion
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
tree; shrub; bush; wood; timber
under (guidance, supervision, rules, the law, etc.); under (a flag, the sun, etc.); beneath; with (e.g. one blow); on (the promise, condition, assumption, etc. that ...); (somebody's) side
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to touch; to feel; to get involved (with); to approach; to be harmful to; to hinder
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)