indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
goblin; apparition; monster; ghost; phantom; spectre
adds force or indicates command
in that way; thus; so; so?
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
company; lot; bunch; troupe; company (of musicians)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
to master (a skill); proprietor; manager; leader; chief; master (of arts, science, etc.); master (recording)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
hah (derisively); pooh; pfft (of something disappearing); poof; huff; puff
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
war; fighting; fierce competition
why; oh; no!; quit it!; stop!
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...