previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
open day; open house; day when prospective students can visit a university
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
how; in what way; circumstances
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
closing of a school; closed school
when it becomes; when it comes to
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
something; something or other; so-and-so; somehow; anyhow; one way or another
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
severe; strict; hard (to do); difficult; intense (e.g. cold); harsh (weather)
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
to follow; to come along with one; to accompany
contrary to expectations; or so we thought, but ...
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
willpower; guts; determination; character; nature; disposition
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
wet nurse; nursing mother
to impress; to move one's heart; to touch (a person's heart)
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
please (give me); please (do for me)
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
to sing; to sing (one's praises in a poem, etc.); to compose a poem; to recite a poem
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
a little bit; a little while
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
splendid; nice; sufficient; fine (in the sense of "I'm fine"); well enough; OK
to swell; to rise; to bulge; to rouse; to get excited