previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
senior high school; high school
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
closing of a school; closed school
when it becomes; when it comes to
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
brilliant; glorious; glittering; bright; splendid (e.g. achievement, success); promising (e.g. future)
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
obstruction; check; hindrance; prevention; impediment; interdiction
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
entry to school or university; matriculation; enrolment (in university, etc.) (enrollment)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
pupil; student; schoolchild
to increase; to add to; to augment
have no choice; there is nothing but; no more than
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
now; the present time; just now; another; more
big craze; boom; popular trend; widespread contagion; large outbreak
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
appeal (e.g. to public opinion); plea; appeal (e.g. sex appeal); attractiveness; appeal (e.g. in baseball); emphasizing (strong points, etc.)
to decide to; to pretend that; to make a practice of doing; to make it a rule to
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
entertainer (esp. boy band or girl group member) whose image is manufactured to cultivate a dedicated consumer fan following; Japanese idol; (cultural) icon; idol; idol (object of worship); image
without; unacceptable; not alright; unsatisfactory
for oneself; for one's own sake; on one's own account
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
should; must; -able; probably; likely
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
but (still); and yet; nevertheless; even so; notwithstanding
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
to give up; to abandon (hope, plans); to resign oneself (to)
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)