elder sister; older female friend
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
beginning; outset; first; onset
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
blood; blood; ancestry; (the) blood; feelings
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to go to and from (a place); to go back and forth between; to go to (school, work, etc.); to attend; to circulate (e.g. blood, electricity); to be communicated (e.g. thought)
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
area; vicinity; side; edge; circumstances
it is, isn't it?; I know, right?; innit?
in that way; thus; so; so?
soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
city centre (center) (esp. capital city); urban centre; heart of city a metropolis
high-rise building; tower block; skyscraper
group; bunch; crowd; group
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
bright red; deep red; flushed (of face); downright (e.g. lie); complete; utter
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
promise; agreement; convention; rule; destiny; fate
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
practice; putting into practice; implementation; praxis (philosophy)
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
the mere shadow of one's former self; the ruin of what one once was