May; fifth month of the lunar calendar
twentieth day of the month; twenty days
cola (carbonated soft drink); kola tree (Cola acuminata, etc.); cola tree
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to distribute; to hand out
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
birth; creation; formation
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
(one's) identity; background; upbringing; (one's) character
establishing; proving; ascertaining; identifying; confirming
it does not mean that ...; I don't mean that ...; it is not the case that
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
in the first place; to begin with; after all; anyway; beginning; start
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to collect (e.g. one's thoughts); to get in order
let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
direction; orientation; bearing; course (e.g. of action)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
in; on; at (place); as for; regarding
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to give; to offer; to lift up; to hold up; to raise
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
than; from; out of; except; but; more
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
representation; agency; proxy; deputy; agent; attorney
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
original; unique; distinctive; independent; one's own; personal
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
wagashi; traditional Japanese confectionery
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
small number; few; minority
while; during; while; although; all; both
surface; face (i.e. the visible side of an object); front (of a building, etc.); obverse side (i.e. "head") of a coin; outside; exterior; appearance
showcase; display case; vitrine