chase; pursuit; tracking; following up; tracing
group; party; team; squad; section
both (hands, parents, sides, etc.); counter for carriages (e.g. in a train); counter for vehicles; ryō; tael; ryō; pre-Meiji unit of currency, orig. the value of one ryō of gold
chance; opportunity; machine; aircraft; counter for aircraft; counter for (remaining) lives
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(one's) current position; current location; present position
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
work (e.g. of art); production; harvest; cultivation; technique
altitude; height; elevation; high-degree; high-grade; advanced
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
reaching; attaining; arrival
plans; arrangement; schedule; program; programme; expectation
to be on track; to be going to plan; to enter orbit
orbit; trajectory; railroad track; (right) track; proper course
throwing in; inserting; investment; commitment (of funds, personnel, etc.); launching (a product into the market); introduction
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
outbreak; spring forth; generation (e.g. of power or heat); genesis; ontogeny; development of complex multicellular structures from cell(s) in a simple state
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be sufficient; to be enough; to be worth doing; to be worthy of; to do (the job); to serve
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
after this; from now on; hereafter; thereafter; since (then); after
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
independently; individually; separately; alone; singlehanded; unassisted
to change; to exchange; to convert; to renew; to throw a switch; to replace
comprehension; consent; understanding; OK; roger (on two-way radio)
shift; move; (work) shift; work schedule; gearshift; changing gears
switching over to; migration; transition
un-; non-; negative prefix
return to base (of soldiers, military aircraft or ships)
dot; spot; mark (in an exam, etc.); grade; point (in a game); score; point (in geometry)
passing through (a tunnel, station, town, etc.); passing by (e.g. of a typhoon); passage (of a bill, e.g. through parliament); carriage; passing (an examination, inspection, etc.); clearing
invasion; incursion; raid; aggression; intrusion; trespass
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
than; from; out of; except; but; more
tactics; strategy; military operation; naval operation
start; commencement; beginning; initiation
last; final; closing; last train (bus, flight, etc.; of the day)
reinforced concrete; remote control
sympathy; agreement with; alignment; conformity; tuning
action; movements; motions; bearing; behaviour; behavior
control (of a machine, device, etc.); control (over an opponent, one's emotions, etc.); governing; management
without; unacceptable; not alright; unsatisfactory
to take action; to start; to get started; to begin to do