indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
junk; rubbish; trash; garbage; odds and ends
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to collect; to assemble; to gather
to compose; to put together
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
drumming (noise); beating; rapidly; quickly; continuously; one after the other
to get cloudy; to cloud over; to cloud up; to fog up; to be gloomy; to be clouded (expression)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
please; somehow or other; one way or another
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
wing; Chinese "Wings" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); (arch.) counter for birds or bird wings
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
it cannot be helped; there's nothing for it; it's no use fighting back; it's hopeless; there is no way out of it
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
slope; incline; hill; milestone; (age) mark
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
on the way; en route; in the middle of; midway; halfway
sunny spot; exposure to the sun
many; much; plenty; hardly
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself